Cách khởi động nguồn máy tính tự động mỗi khi có điện?

18/12/2021 Mining Rig

Bài viết này tập trung giải quyết vấn đề khởi động máy tính tự động khi có điện dành cho bo mạch chủ không có cổng nhận jack 24-pin cấp điện từ nguồn (PSU), điện được lấy từ các jack 6 pin. Những bo mạch chủ này không hiếm gặp trên các dàn đào tiền mã hóa. Trên những bo mạch chủ này, không thể cài đặt chế độ tự khởi động trên BIOS được mà bạn sẽ cần chơi chiêu trên jack 24-pin.

Không dài dòng nữa, tất cả những gì bạn cần làm là chú ý đến dây 24-pin xuất ra từ bộ nguồn máy tính (PSU).

Hai cổng duy nhất cần chú ý đó là cổng số 16 và 17, bạn sẽ cần phải làm chúng nối tiếp nhau. Lưu ý nhìn cái ngàm ngang nó nắm ở đâu nhé, cắm nhầm là căng thẳng đó. Trên hình bạn sẽ thấy cái ngàm ngang nằm ở vị trí cổng số 18 và 19. Một lần nữa, chú ý đừng có nhầm, bạn mà cắn nhầm sang cổng số 4 và 5 là toang đó nhé, 5 volt chạy thẳng vào ground. Cực mạnh.

Anh em thầy thợ có rất nhiều cách thú vị. Đôi khi là đấu dây trực tiếp 2 cổng này, hoặc xịn xò hơn thì sẽ dùng một cái chấu chữ U để kết nối.

Dưới đây là hình ảnh ví dụ.

Trích Dẫn:

ATX 24-pin 12V Power Supply Pinout, Tim Fisher, July 29, 2020, https://www.lifewire.com/atx-24-pin-12v-power-supply-pinout-2624578

How to make executable jar with Gradle?

16/12/2021 Linux

Gradle is a build automation tool for multi-language software development. It controls the development process in the tasks of compilation and packaging to testing, deployment, and publishing. Supported languages include Java (as well as Kotlin, Groovy, Scala), C/C++, and JavaScript. The other, if not the major function of Gradle is to collect statistical data about the usage of software libraries around the globe.

In this post, I would like to introduce a solution to create an executable jar with Gradle. All modification related to a file named build.gradle. This file located at /project-root/app/build.gradle. By default, this file will be generated with Gradle init task.

There are three part concerned:

Add a plugin named application to plugins block.

plugins {
    // Apply the application plugin to add support for building a CLI application in Java.
    id 'application'
}

Define mainClass in application block.

application {
    // Define the main class for the application.
    mainClass = 'JekyllPostGenerator.App'              # MODIFY IT
}

Define jar block.

jar {
    archiveBaseName = 'jekyll-post-generator'          # MODIFY IT
    archiveVersion =  '2.0.0'                          # MODIFY IT
    manifest {
        attributes(
               'Main-Class': 'JekyllPostGenerator.App' # MODIFY IT
        )
    }
}

Last but not least, you need to run gradle task named jar to created an executable jar file which would be created in /root-project/app/build/libs. Regarding above configuration, my executable file will be jekyll-post-generator-2.0.0.jar. This file now can be executed with java -jar jekyll-post-generator-2.0.0.jar. And this is a command to create jar file.

# In the project-root
./gradlew jar

How to install VGA - GTX 1060 on Fedora with Secure Boot enabled?

19/06/2025 Linux

In this post, I would like to introduce solution to install VGA drivers for 1060 on Fedora with enabled SECURE BOOT.

Step 1: Determine vga installed on the motherboard.

On terminal, use the following command to see avaialble installed VGA.

lspci |grep -E "VGA|3D"

Example output:

02:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP106 [GeForce GTX 1060 6GB] (rev a1)
04:00.0 VGA compatible controller: ASPEED Technology, Inc. ASPEED Graphics Family (rev 30)

Step 2: Download nvidia driver from Nvidia Official Website

In this post, I would like to pick the latest stable version 510.68.02 which was released on April 26, 2022. After your downloading finished, remember to make the file executable with chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-510.68.02.run, and copy it to $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key, you will need to execute this file each time your update your kernels.

mkdir -p $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key;
cd $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key;
wget https://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86_64/470.94/NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-470.94.run;
chmod +x NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-470.94.run;

Step 3: Generate new pair `private-key` and `public-key`

mkdir -p $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key/key;
cd $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key/key;
openssl req -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout vga-1060.key -outform DER -out vga-1060.der -nodes -days 365000 -subj "/CN=Graphics Drivers";

Your directory tree should look like:

Step 4: Enroll new public key with `mokutil`

You need to run this command to import your new public key with mokutil, this program will ask you a password for enrolling, which then be asked in the next reboot.

sudo mokutil --import $HOME/Software/VGA-1060-key/key/vga-1060.der;

Step 5: Make `install.sh` in `VGA-1060-key` directory

This is install.sh content:

#!/bin/bash
./NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-510.68.02.run --module-signing-secret-key=/home/YOUR_USERNAME/Software/VGA-1060-key/key/vga-1060.key \
                                    --module-signing-public-key=/home/YOUR_USERNAME/Software/VGA-1060-key/key/vga-1060.der

Each time you update your kernel, you need to go boots OS with level 3 and run this script install.sh.

Step 5: Install package dependencies & update OS

This step ensure you got the lastest kernel & all dependent packages.

sudo dnf install kernel-devel kernel-headers gcc make dkms acpid libglvnd-glx libglvnd-opengl libglvnd-devel pkgconfig;
sudo dnf update;

Step 6: Disable `nouveau kernel module`

Create or edit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf

sudo echo "blacklist nouveau" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-nouveau.conf

Edit /etc/default/grub Append following flag to the end of GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX
- rd.driver.blacklist=nouveau
- modprobe.blacklist=nouveau
- nvidia-drm.modeset=1

For example:

Step 7: Configure `nvidia kernel module`

Create file /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf with content

# File content: /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia.conf
options nvidia NVreg_PreserveVideoMemoryAllocations=1
options nvidia-drm modeset=1 fbdev=1

Step 7: Update grub2 config & generate new `initramfs`

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg;

## Backup old initramfs nouveau image ##
mv /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r)-with-nouveau.img;

## Generate new initramfs image ##
dracut /boot/initramfs-$(uname -r).img $(uname -r);

Step 8: Boots OS on `level 3` and execute the `install.sh`

Boots OS on level 3 and reboot

sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target;
sudo shutdown -r now;

After login, go to VGA-1060-key directory and execute install.sh. At this step, just keep accepting and the driver will be installed.

cd /home/nguyenvinhlinh/Software/VGA-1060-key;
sudo ./install.sh;

After installing vga driver, you will need reboot OS on level 5 - graphical

systemctl set-default graphical.target;
shutdown -r now;

Next time, if you update your kernel, you can run this step (Step 8) again, it should be fine. In addition, you should encrypt your private-key with gpg, it’s not a good practice leave it unencrypted. You can check this guide Mã hóa và giải mã file trên linux sử dụng GPG

Reference

Install NVIDIA proprietary drivers on Fedora 42/41/40 and disable the nouveau driver, 2025, Jun 19, https://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2015/fedora-nvidia-guide/#2-install-nvidia-proprietary-drivers-on-fedora-424140-and-disable-the-nouveau-driver
Fedora 35/34/33 NVIDIA [495.46 / 470.94 / 390.144 / 340.108] Drivers Install Guide, JR, 2021, December 13, https://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2015/fedora-nvidia-guide/
How to install nvidia driver with secure boot enabled?, Zanna, 2018, June 25, https://askubuntu.com/questions/1023036/how-to-install-nvidia-driver-with-secure-boot-enabled

PhoenixMiner - config.txt Template

07/12/2021 Mining Rig

# PhoenixMiner configuration file config.txt

-pool   asia1.ethermine.org:4444
-pool2  asia2.ethermine.org:4444
-wal    miner_address_here
-worker huyen-vu

Personal Note: Installing a Monero full node

08/04/2024 Cryptocurrency Node

I. Monero Node Config - monerod.conf

# Data directory (blockchain db and indices)
data-dir=/mnt/disk_2/CryptoCurrency/Monero  # Remember to create the monero user first

# Log file
log-file=/mnt/disk_2/CryptoCurrency/Monero/log/monerod.log
max-log-file-size=0            # Prevent monerod from managing the log files; we want logrotate to take care of that
log-level=0

# P2P full node
p2p-bind-ip=0.0.0.0            # Bind to all interfaces (the default)
p2p-bind-port=18080            # Bind to default port

add-peer=nodes.hashvault.pro:18080

# RPC Restricted IP/PORT
rpc-restricted-bind-ip=0.0.0.0
rpc-restricted-bind-port=18081

# RPC Full Permission, local access only
rpc-bind-ip=127.0.0.1          # Bind to all interfaces
rpc-bind-port=18084            # Bind on default port

confirm-external-bind=1        # Open node (confirm)
no-igd=1                       # Disable UPnP port mapping

zmq-pub=tcp://127.0.0.1:18083

# Slow but reliable db writes
db-sync-mode=safe:sync
block-sync-size=10
prep-blocks-threads=28

# Emergency checkpoints set by MoneroPulse operators will be enforced to workaround potential consensus bugs
# Check https://monerodocs.org/infrastructure/monero-pulse/ for explanation and trade-offs
enforce-dns-checkpointing=1

out-peers=128              # This will enable much faster sync and tx awareness; the default 8 is suboptimal nowadays
in-peers=128             # The default is unlimited; we prefer to put a cap on this

limit-rate-up=1048576     # 1048576 kB/s == 1GB/s; a raise from default 2048 kB/s; contribute more to p2p network
limit-rate-down=1048576   # 1048576 kB/s == 1GB/s; a raise from default 8192 kB/s; allow for faster initial sync

II. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/monero.service

[Unit]
Description=Monero Full Node
After=network.target  mnt-disk_2.mount

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/opt/monero-x86_64-linux-gnu-v0.18.3.1
ExecStart=/opt/monero-x86_64-linux-gnu-v0.18.3.1/monerod --config-file /opt/monero-x86_64-linux-gnu-v0.18.3.1/monerod.conf --non-interactive
User=nguyenvinhlinh
RemainAfterExit=yes
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
TimeoutStopSec=infinity

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

III. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/monero.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>Monero node</short>
  <description>
    This option allows Monero node to use tcp port:
    - 18080: p2p network
    - 18081: JSON-RPC server
  </description>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="18080"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="18081"/>
</service>

Personal Note: Installing an Alephium full node

14/12/2022 Cryptocurrency Node

I. Alephium node config - $ALEPHIUM_HOME/user.conf

alephium.network.external-address="x.x.x.x:9973"
alephium.api.network-interface = "0.0.0.0"
alephium.mining.api-interface="0.0.0.0"

alephium.mining.miner-addresses=[
 "miner_address_1",
 "miner_address_2",
 "miner_address_3",
 "miner_address_4",
]

II. Systemctl EnvironmentFile - /opt/alephium/alephium.env

ALEPHIUM_HOME=/mnt/CaHeoNas/disk_3/Alephium

III. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/alephium.service

[Unit]
Description=Alphelium Full Node
After=network.target mnt-CaHeoNas-disk_3.mount

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/opt/alephium
EnvironmentFile=/opt/alephium/alephium.env
ExecStart=java -jar -Xms512m -Xmx1028m alephium-1.0.0.jar
User=nguyenvinhlinh
RemainAfterExit=yes
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

IV. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/alephium.xml

Port List:

9973: p2p
10973: miner
12973: api (danger to expose to the internet.)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>Alephium node</short>
  <description>
    This option allows Alephium node to use tcp port 9973, 10973
  </description>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="9973"/>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="10973"/>
</service>

IV. Balance checking script

All Credit goes this guy Mark Rahmani (diomark#8272) https://www.facebook.com/diomark/

#!/bin/zsh

#first need to unlock wallet. not putting password in here

#check wallet
curlResult=`curl -X 'GET'   'http://127.0.0.1:12973/wallets/MINER_WALLET_NAME/balances'   -H 'accept: application/json' 2>/dev/null | json_pp | grep totalBalanceHint| cut -f1 -d","`
lastdate=`date +%s`


if echo $curlResult | grep -q ALPH; then
  datestr=`date +"%x %R"`
  echo -n "$datestr "
  echo Wallet unlocked - $curlResult;
else
  echo Please unlock wallet first
  exit
fi

while true; do
 oldResult=$curlResult

 datestr=`date +"%x %R"`; echo -n "."; curlResult=`curl -X 'GET'   'http://127.0.0.1:12973/wallets/MINER_WALLET_NAME/balances'   -H 'accept: application/json' 2>/dev/null | json_pp | grep totalBalanceHint| cut -f1 -d","`
 if [ "$oldResult" != "" ]; then
    if [ "$curlResult" != "$oldResult" ]; then
       echo
       echo -n "$datestr "
       newdate=`date +%s`
       secs=`expr $newdate - $lastdate`
       mins=`expr $secs / 60`
       echo  -n "Won a block after $mins minutes! "
       echo $curlResult
       lastdate=$newdate
    fi
 fi

 sleep 30
done

Personal Note: Installing a Bitcoin full node

10/11/2021 Cryptocurrency Node

I. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/bitcoin.service

[Unit]
Description=Bitcoin Full Node
After=network.target  mnt-disk_2.mount

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/opt/bitcoin-0.21.1/
ExecStart=/opt/bitcoin-0.21.1/bin/bitcoind -datadir=/mnt/disk_2/Bitcoin -daemon
ExecStop=/opt/bitcoin-0.21.1/bin/bitcoin-cli -datadir=/mnt/disk_2/Bitcoin stop
User=nguyenvinhlinh
RemainAfterExit=yes
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
TimeoutStopSec=infinity

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

II. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/bitcoin.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<service>
  <short>Bitcoin node</short>
  <description>This option allows Bitcoin node to use tcp port 8333</description>
  <port protocol="tcp" port="8333"/>
</service>

Thiết lập thông số 3080 - Dàn #2 Bạch Hổ

01/10/2021 Mining Rig

I. Lời mở đầu

Bài viết này phục vụ mục đích duy nhất là đó là nếu tôi lỡ tay xóa mấy profile trên MSI Afterburner. Tôi sẽ quay lại đây xem.

MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO (1 cái)
MSI 3080 VENTUS (2 cái)
GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G (1 cái)

Vị Trí trên main	VGA	Vị trí trên OS
1	MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO	3
2	MSI 3080 VENTUS	1
3	MSI 3080 VENTUS	2
4	GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G	4

II. Ethereum - MSI Afterburner - 95MH/s

a. Tinh chỉnh tốc độ quạt theo nhiệt độ

30C –> 40% Fan
50C –> 80% Fan
60C –> 90% Fan
65C –> 100% Fan

b. Tinh chỉnh MSI Afterburner

No.	VGA	Power Limit	Temp. Limit	Core Clock	Mem Clock
1	MSI 3080 VENTUS	77% priority	65C	-502MHz	+900Mhz
2	MSI 3080 VENTUS	77% priority	65C	-502MHz	+900Mhz
3	MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO	106% priority	65C	-502MHz	+825Mhz
4	GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G	64% priority	65C	-502MHz	+900Mhz

c. Kết quả thu được

No.	VGA	Power Consumption	Hashrate	GPU Temperature	Memory Temperature
1	[1] MSI 3080 VENTUS	246W	96.50Mh/s	61C	90C
2	[2] MSI 3080 VENTUS	246W	96.01Mh/s	64C	90C
3	[3] MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO	229W	95.02MH/s	62C	106C
4	[4] GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G	236W	95.51Mh/s	65C	90C

	Total	957 Walt	383.04 MH/s

III Ethereum - Minerstat - 95 MH/s

a. Tinh chỉnh ClockTune

Mode: Built-in (Default)
Power Limit (%): skip
Core Clock (-/+ MHz): skip
Locked Memory Clock (MHz):skip
Force P2 State: skip
ClockTune delay: 30

No.	No. VGA	Power Limit (Walt)	Locked Core Clock (MHz)	Memory Clock (-/+ MHz)
1	MSI 3080 VENTUS	240	1170	950
2	MSI 3080 VENTUS	240	1170	950
3	MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO	392	1170	950
4	GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G	240	1170	950

b. Triggers trong Minerstat

IF GPU temperature OF Any IS >=40°C THEN Set fans TO 60%
IF GPU temperature OF Any IS >=50°C THEN Set fans TO 85%
IF GPU temperature OF Any IS >=55°C THEN Set fans TO 90%
IF GPU temperature OF Any IS >=60°C THEN Set fans TO 95%
IF GPU temperature OF Any IS >=65°C THEN Set fans TO 100%

c. Kết quả thu được

No.	No. VGA	Power Consumption	Hashrate	GPU Temperature	Memory Temperature
1	MSI 3080 VENTUS	228 Walt	97.468 MH/s	51C	82C
2	MSI 3080 VENTUS	236 Walt	97.588 MH/s	57C	84C
3	MSI 3080 GAMING X TRIO	221 Walt	96.377 MH/s	54C	102C
4	GIGABYTE 3080 GAMING OC 10G	227 Walt	97.529 MH/s	58C	82C

	Total	912 Walt	388.962 MH/s

CSGO, binding để nhảy ném smoke

15/09/2021 CSGO

Trong trường hợp này phím nhảy ném là phím mouse-5. Mở console lên và gõ lệnh sau:

alias +jumpthrow "+jump;-attack";
alias -jumpthrow "-jump";
bind mouse5 +jumpthrow;

Cách sử dụng tương đối đơn giản, bắt đầu bằng giữ chuột trái, tiếp theo là căn góc ném, cuối cùng là ấn phím mouse-5.

Support dropdown with multiple value in Redash, plus ALL value

09/09/2021 Redash

In Redash, there is a big demand for dropdown with ALL value. However, it’s tricky to write where statement for ALL value. This post is all about work-around this issue. Thank for my colleague - Trieu. All Credit to him.

The dropdown configuration is in the following image.

In the where section, condition statement should look like this one

(column_name in (SELECT unnest(CONCAT('{', '{{ redash_var_name }}', '}')::varchar[])) OR '{{ redash_var_name }}' LIKE '%ALL%')

example:
(dh.importer_name in (SELECT unnest(CONCAT('{', '{{ importer_name }}', '}')::varchar[])) OR '{{ importer_name }}' LIKE '%ALL%')

In the script above, it cast to varchar[], if column typed uuid, change the casted type to ::uuid[]

And It’s all done, you are ready to go!

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Hexa's Blog

Hexa's Blog

Step 1: Determine vga installed on the motherboard.

Step 2: Download nvidia driver from Nvidia Official Website

Step 3: Generate new pair private-key and public-key

Step 4: Enroll new public key with mokutil

Step 5: Make install.sh in VGA-1060-key directory

Step 5: Install package dependencies & update OS

Step 6: Disable nouveau kernel module

Step 7: Configure nvidia kernel module

Step 7: Update grub2 config & generate new initramfs

Step 8: Boots OS on level 3 and execute the install.sh

Reference

I. Monero Node Config - monerod.conf

II. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/monero.service

III. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/monero.xml

I. Alephium node config - $ALEPHIUM_HOME/user.conf

II. Systemctl EnvironmentFile - /opt/alephium/alephium.env

III. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/alephium.service

IV. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/alephium.xml

IV. Balance checking script

I. Systemctl service - /etc/systemd/system/bitcoin.service

II. Firewall-cmd service - /etc/firewalld/services/bitcoin.xml

I. Lời mở đầu

II. Ethereum - MSI Afterburner - 95MH/s

a. Tinh chỉnh tốc độ quạt theo nhiệt độ

b. Tinh chỉnh MSI Afterburner

c. Kết quả thu được

III Ethereum - Minerstat - 95 MH/s

a. Tinh chỉnh ClockTune

b. Triggers trong Minerstat

c. Kết quả thu được

Step 3: Generate new pair `private-key` and `public-key`

Step 4: Enroll new public key with `mokutil`

Step 5: Make `install.sh` in `VGA-1060-key` directory

Step 6: Disable `nouveau kernel module`

Step 7: Configure `nvidia kernel module`

Step 7: Update grub2 config & generate new `initramfs`

Step 8: Boots OS on `level 3` and execute the `install.sh`